eogers



- 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

. R.E.R0GBRS.` STEAM GENERATOR.

N0."8l,2l2. Patented A-ug-v18, 1868'.

l3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

,11.8110818118 STEAM GENERATOR.

NG. 81,212. Patented Aug. 18, 1868.

3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

11.8110811118. STEAM GENERATOR.

No. 81,212. Patented Aug. 18, 1888.

ROBERT E. ROGERS, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

Letters Patent No. 81,212, dated August 18, 1868.

IMPROVEMENT IN4 STEAM-GENERATORS.

iigt Srigthnie nient in in tigen tstters @non mit limiting tutti nf tige-same.

TO ALL WIIOM IT MAY CONGERN:

Be it known that I, ROBERT E. ROGERS, of the city of Philadelphia, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented new and useful Improvements in Steam-Boilers; and I -do hereby declare that the following is a full and .exact description of the construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawing,'forming part thereof, and to the letters of reference marked thereon. i

In this invention, my object has been soto construct steam-boilers, on the principle of subdivision, as to reduce the risk of explosion, and to facilitate their transportation, inspection, cleansing, and repair, and at the same time to retain the best features of that cla-ss of boilers which are provided with external tubes for the circulation of water. i

My invention consists in the construction of steam-boilers ot' separate elongated hollow sections or staves, set on end, and connected by tubes, for the free passage among the sections of water and steam, each section being-provided with exterior tubes, for the circulation of the water within itself, and for increasing the heatingsurface, the whole being capable of any desired increase of size, yet having a strength not dependent upon its aggregate size, as is the caso with most boilers in common use, but upon the strength of the individual sections of which it is made up; and it further consists in the combination of blank sections or staves with those having circulation-tubes.

In the drawings- Figure 1 is a perspective view of a boiler composed-cf a number of separate' elongated rectangular hollow sections or staves, standing on end, and connected by exterior union-tubes at top, for the free passage of the steam, and at bottom, for the free passage of the wa'ter, some ofthe sections orstaves being provided with tubes on that face of each section or stave next the fire, for the circulation of the water therein, the several sections or stares being arranged around a common {ire, so yas to constitute a rectangular fire-chamber or furnace-Hue.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal vertical section of thesame,'three of the sections or stares, with their associ'- atcd circulation-tubes, being shown in elevation.

Figure 3 is a plan or top view of the boiler represented in ig. '1.

Figure 4 isa perspective view of a. single section or stave, showing the circulation-tubes attached thereto.

Figure 5 is a planor top view of a boiler made up of separate sections or staves,.each of whichhas the form of a segment of an annulus, each section or stave being provided with circulation-tubes on its inner face, that is, the face next the fire, the severalsections being connected by exterior `union-tubes, as shown, and so associated as to constitute a cylindrical {ire-chamber or furnace-fiile. l

VFigure 6 is a plan or top view of a boiler made up of a series `ot' sections of cylindrical form, the several sections being provided with the circulation-tubes, the exterior union-tubes, and other parts shown, and associ ated so as t0 constitute a cylindrical fire-chamber or furnace-fille.

Figure 7 is a plan or top view ot' a boiler composed of sections or staves similar to those shownin figs. 1, 2, and 3, and arranged so that the `plan of the aggregate boiler is oblong, 'the sections or staves forming the ends of thecblong being without circulation-tubes. l

Figure 8 is a plan or top view of a boiler composed et' sections or stavos similar to those shown in figs. 1, 2, and 3, and arranged sovthat the plan ofthe aggregate boiler is square, only one o f the. sections or staves employed being provided with circulation-tubes.

To enable others skilled in theart to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe its const-ruetion and inode of operation.

Referring to the drawings, a a a,2 a3 a* a5 as a7 a`a94 represent the several sections or staves which compose the boiler shown in fig. I. These sections are bound together by exterior bars, b, and bolts, b', and held inline by the auxiliary rods c c', as shown.

The several sections are connected together at bottom by union-tubes, d, for the free passage and interchange of the waterthroughout the system of sections, and at top by similar tubes, d', for the free passage and distribution of the steam. ef are man-holes, which areof sufcicnt dimensions to facilitate the work of attaching the circulation-tubes, and of inspecting and cleansing the sections respectively.

The man-hole platesf nre packed and secured in place by any bf the usual modes. 'm, fig. 1', is the pipe for the -introduction of water into the system ot' sections or staves. n, in figs. 1, 2, and 3, is the pipe for leading ofi'. the steam. t, inthe several figures, represents the water or circulation-tubes, (as I'term them,) lwhich are designed to afford-a .large heating-surface, and to furnish the means of a rapidcireulation of water from the lower to the upper portions of the sections tewhich they are secured. These circulation-tubes are connected by their lower extremities, near the bottom of their respective sections, and by their upper extremities -at points along the length of the sections, more or less near the top of the same.

In figs. 1 and 2,7; represents the pediment of masonry upon which the sections or stavcs stand, and z' the re-door j, in iig. 2, the ash-pit, and I: the grate-bars.

The yellow coloring in fig. 2 indicates the water at its usual relative height, and the blank spaces above said coloring indicate the steam-room. The lines Z, in iig. 2, indicate interior stay-bars, to strengthen the sections or stoves.

It will be seen that the several sections or staves, when arr.'1.ngcdv as represented in the drawings, constitute, for their height, thc {ire-chamber or furnace-liuc. The flue thus formed may be connected in any manner desired with the chimney-stack. i

In figs. 1 and13, the sections a a* a and a9, oiving to their positions, are made without the circulation tubes t. Under such circumstances, such blank sections or stave's serve to complete the fire-chamber or furnaceue,'\vitl1out the use of mason-nork. They also increase the capacity of the aggregate boiler for water and steam, while at the same time they preserve the sectional or stave feature. A

It is evident that the elongated sections vor staves may have various forms, and may have any length desired. They may be rectangular, as shown in figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, andlS, or segments of' annuli, as shown in fig. 5, or circular, as shown in fig. 6, in transverse section, or of other desired elongatdd form.

They may be made of cast or wrought iron, or of steel or other suitable metal, and may have plane orcorrugated sides. A supply-water pipe, a steam-pipe, a. blow-off cock, a safety-valve, and any other of the usual appendages of boilers may, it is evident, be placed upon but a single section or stave of the group, or upon any numbcr'of them. Various simple meansof binding the sections together may be used in place of the bands and bolts described; thus, lugs or ribs may bo cast or riveted upon the sections. and held together by screw-nuts. 4

When the sections are of rectangular form, I prefer to make them twelve inches by eight inches, outside measurement, in the transverse section, and eight to ten feet long, having a thickness ofwallef three-fourths of an inch to one inch, when constructed of cast iron, with-stay-bars at intervals of six inches apart, except at the 'man-holes, where they are placed so as not .to interfere with the apertures, as shown in tig. 2, extending 'transversely from one to the othero the broader faces. I

I provide each such section or stave with nine eirculation-tubes, preferring wrought iron, lap-vrelded, cach six to eight feet in length, and having a diameter of about two inches.

The tubos are arranged in three planes, of three in each plane, as represented in figs. 2, 3, 4, 7, and 8. Such a section or stavevn'ill, in itself, constitute a steam-generator of from `threc to four-horse power. When the sections are made segments of annuli, as represented in iig. 5, I prefer the outer face of such segments to bc not more than twelve inches across, and eight inches on the sides, w, measured externally, and its inner face less than twelve inches across, according to the curvature of the annulus of which the section forms a part.

When the sections are made cylindrical, as represented in fig. 6, I prefer to give them a diameter of not more than eight inches.

The power of the individual sections or stares may be'incrcased by increasing the number ofthe circulationtubes, and the power of the aggregate boiler may be indefinitely increased by multiplying the number of' the sections or stares.v The dimensions given produce goed results, and are convenient in many situations, but I do not wish to limit myself to such dimensions, as other dimensions are oft'en desirable. The holes in the sections cr staves, for the attachment of the circulation-tubes, when the'sect'ions are of east iron, may either be cast in them, or may be drilled-in them after thc sections are ca'st, and these tubes may be fastened into the sections, either by the usual mode of expanding, overlapping, and eaulking, or by means of nipples and elbows, or byscrewmuts, or in any secure manner.

Instead of constructing the pcdiment h of masonry, it may be made of cast iron, in convenient portable parts, or, instead olf this, the sections or stoves a may be prolonged 'at their lower ends, eo as to stand directly upon a ground foundation, with tho'exception of such of them as may be on the side where the tire-front would be placed, those sections being shhrter in length, to admit of the formation of the'irc-door and ash-pit openings.

I do not confine myself tothe specific mode of connecting the several sections, Aas more union-'tubes, and tubes of greater or less diameter than thoserepcesented, and tubes screwed in by elbows and nipples, or bolted on, may be used if desired. I y y Sometimes it is desirable to arrange the sections so that they form a square, as in figs. 1, 2, and 8, but it is generally preferable to arrange them so as to form an oblongiu the aggregate, asin iig. 7. Sometimes only a portion of the sections or stavcs constituting the aggregate boiler may be provided with circulation-tubes, as in figs. 7 'and 8, or sometimes the sections having circulation-tubes may b e alternated with sections without such tubes, if desired.

Instead of the blank sections or staves, as represented in gs. 1, 2, 3; 7, and 8, mason-.werk may at timesv he .employed with advantage.

Most of the boilers in common use may, if desired, be enclosed in the lire-chamber formed by the sections or staves, arranged as above described, and in such case the sections constitute a divisible water-jacket to the same. 4

I am aware that steam-generators have been -constructed, having some one or more of the features of my invention. Thus, they were made by Perkins, in England, in 1824, of cast iron, in separate sections. Other steam-generators have been made of cast-metal sections, and patented by S. F. Gold, of the United States;y in 1859. Steam-generators have also been made of small units of construction, having a globular, elliptical, conical, or polyhedral form, as patented by Joseph Harrisonjr., in 1859. Steam-generators have also been made with tubes for holding and circulating the :vat-er, as in the Gurney, the Field, thc Dimpfel, the Howard, and the Rogers and Black boilers, and others already patented; but in none of these, nor in any other forms that I know of, have the several features of my invention been hitherto combined.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The boiler, composed of separate elongated sections or staves, connected at bottom, for the iuterpassago ofwater, and at top, for the interpassage of steam, one or more of such sections being provided with circulationtubes on the side next the fire, each being set on end, and all the sections being arranged around a common re, so as to form the rechambcr or furnaeeilu'c, substantially as shown and described.

2. The combination of thc blank sections or stavcs with those having circulation-tubes, substantially as described.

ROBERT E. ROGERS.

Witnesses:

W. A. A. MCKINLEY, WM. JAS. BURNS. 

